Quarternized Biomass for Defluoridation and Dye Removal from Contaminated Water

In batch and fixed-bed column systems, this book assesses the adsorptive capacity of quaternized palm kernel shell and quaternized core fiber adsorbents for the sequestration of fluoride and dyes (reactive and acid dye) from liquid phase environments. The synthesized quaternized biomass adsorbents demonstrated efficient adsorption of fluoride and dyes from aquatic environment. In-depth mechanisms of the interactions between dyes and quaternized biomass adsorbents as well as fluoride were investigated and documented. The outcome of this investigation suggested that the prepared quaternized biomass adsorbents can be applied successfully to remove both organic and inorganic contaminants from aqueous solution. Also, this work could offer theoretical guidance for the treatment of underground water and industrial wastewater, as per the sixth United Nations goal (SDGs), this is to guarantee that water and sanitation are available and sustainably managed for everyone.